Jumat, 17 Februari 2012

2011 Hamann Tycoon Evo M Review

2011 Hamann Tycoon Evo M

Looking at the Hamann Magnate Evo M and its wide built shape whets one´s hunger. Especially the top side mudguards and the again plug-ins made of light component material promote this feeling. The car human is increased by an amazing 60 millimetres. Additionally, the Hamann designers change the sides with recently designed side dresses. An unique characteristic of the top side is the attire with four stunning LED sunlight running lighting. The car body kit does not only enhance the look of the car, its increased air basins the top side and the as well as hood also offer an enhanced air supply to the website section. At the again of the X6 M, Hamann restores the original attire with a new own development which provides areas for the natural appears to be produced by the sports fatigue program with center double end plumbing. Also new within the improving program are again lighting with LED technology. The again of the Hamann Magnate Evo M is improved with voloptuous rear- and roof spoilers. All those elements provide a low-swirl air flow over the car outline and offer additional downforce.

2011 Hamann Tycoon Evo M

2011 Hamann Tycoon Evo M

Extensive efficiency plus thanks to enhanced fatigue gas stream

In addition to the amazing appearance of the Hamann Magnate Evo M, the Hamann website office developed a powerful efficiency advancement for the sequential website. The crucial part for the power increase is the titanium high-performance fatigue program with switch replacement plumbing which also makes a energetic and natural sound. A recently designed website map perfects the update and as a result of the removal of the 250km/h posted speed limit, the car owner now has an endless driving experience.

2011 Hamann Tycoon Evo M

2011 Hamann Tycoon Evo M

2009 Bugatti Veyron Grand Sport

2009 Bugatti Veyron Grand Sport

The world's most significant celebration of the automobile takes place annually in Monterey, California. In 2009, it saw some of the most elegant, exclusive, and valuable vehicles ever produced in over 100 years of motoring, with Bugatti playing a prominent role. On the evening prior to the Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance, the highlight of the event, the marque renowned for impeccable automotive solutions, aesthetics and driving dynamics unveiled a second model to the world - the new Bugatti Veyron Grand Sport with a unique removable roof.

2009 Bugatti Veyron Grand Sport

2009 Bugatti Veyron Grand Sport

In response to customer demand, significant modifications have been made to the vehicle's complex structure to make possible open-top driving, thereby adding a new dimension to this high-performance sports car. Incorporating a host of new and innovative safety and equipment features, it is the world's fastest and most exciting roadster. It is immediately recognizable as a result of its slightly higher windscreen, stylized daytime running lights, and lightweight, transparent polycarbonate roof.

2009 Bugatti Veyron Grand Sport

2009 Bugatti Veyron Grand Sport

The main challenge in developing the new Bugatti Veyron Grand Sport with removable roof resulted from the unique structure of the fixed-roof Bugatti Veyron. An optimum combination of rigidity and lightweight engineering ensures the monocoque passenger cell of the original model is extremely strong while weighing an absolute minimum - it is a central element of the vehicle's structure. As the roof is an integral part of this, removing it meant the load paths had to be completely redesigned to maintain the vehicle's rigidity and crash safety, and to offer additional protection from side impacts and rolling.

2009 Bugatti Veyron Grand Sport

2012 Lincoln MKZ Concept Review

The Lincoln subsequently MKZ Idea, unveiled at the 2012 Northern National Worldwide Auto Show in Detroit, indicators a considerable phase in Lincoln's reinvention, offering a clear perspective of its next-generation automobiles.

2012 Lincoln MKZ Concept

"With the Lincoln subsequently MKZ Idea, we are not presenting a new car. We are basically presenting a new manufacturer," said Derrick Kuzak, Honda Powerplant Company team v. p. for International Product Progression. "The MKZ Idea is the next phase in the reinvention of Lincoln subsequently, something we've been silently but highly seeking."

Lincoln MKZ Concept: Exterior

The Lincoln subsequently MKZ Idea highly suggestions at the style coming in shops later this year, as well as Lincoln's style upcoming.

2012 Lincoln MKZ Concept

"The MKZ Concept's shape is a perspective of simpleness accomplished with just a few cerebral vascular accidents," said Max Wolff, Lincoln subsequently style movie director. "Our activity as a manufacturer is toward something we call stylish simpleness. It's something hotter and more controlled, which is going away from complicated styles and conventional high-class."

Heated colors are obvious in every aspect of the new car Cognac-colored outside. The deep finish is obtained with a rich base cover covered in several levels of colored clear-coat comes to an end.

2012 Lincoln MKZ Concept

By keeping key, familiar brand elements of style, the Lincoln subsequently MKZ Idea continues to be clearly familiar as a Lincoln subsequently. One example is the more polished decryption of the split-wing grill, presented on the 1938 Lincoln-Zephyr.

The sedan's account is covered with a long, luxurious and capturing roofline that allows the style to break away from the traditional automobile three-box shape. The widening of the roofline allows a more streaming, stylish and more naturally luxurious appearance.

A spectacular wine glass ceiling ranges continuous from the window to the top of the backlight. Incorporated into the sedan's metal and boron precious metal superstructure, the fixed-glass field expands to the side ceiling tracks of the cottage, creating an breezy, start internal.

2012 Lincoln MKZ Concept

LED technology permitted an extremely slim and unique full-width taillamp visual. Fatigue tips are easily included in the back structures.

Lincoln MKZ Concept: Interior

The Lincoln subsequently MKZ Concept's four-seat internal is start, alluring. "The front visual is replicated in the extraordinary brush of the guitar section, helping tie the internal to the outside. These streaming forms create a comfortable and sensible internal that particularly attracts the younger, more different customers we are focusing on," said Wolff.

Innovative interior features include push-button transmission gear selection, an open, tiered center console and liquid crystal instrumentation. The reconfigurable 10.1-inch Thin Film Transistor (TFT) LCD positioned ahead of the driver operates with the latest version of MyLincoln Touch™ as does the nearly flush-mounted center 8-inch LCD touch screen.

2012 Lincoln MKZ Concept

Responsibly harvested poplar wood, aluminum in bright and satin finishes as well as leather help create a sculptural, luxurious and comfortable interior space. Champagne-colored leather seats with dark taupe accents feature a champagne perforation pattern, so-called because the perforations on the seat backs conjure the image of champagne bubbles rising from the bottom of a glass.

Lincoln subsequently MKZ Concept: Engineering

The Lincoln subsequently MKZ Idea is a design research that drives on an all-new midsize foundation. The automobile is able of employing several powertrain choices in front-wheel-drive and all-wheel-drive adjustments.

Like the lately presented MKS and MKT with EcoBoost™, the Lincoln subsequently MKZ Idea features Lincoln subsequently Generate Control and the innovative Consistently Managed Damping (CCD) adaptable revocation.

2011 Mazda MX-5 Spyder Concept

Dearest globally as the best-selling two-seat roadster on the planet, with a protected identify in Guinness Community Information to start, the MX-5 Miata is the car motor racing fans really like to generate on the week day roads of the suburbs and the few days roadways of competition monitors across the country.

2011 Mazda MX-5 Spyder Concept

Well-known is the MX-5's single-hand-operation soft-top and segment-best 12-second Energy Flip-style Challenging Top (PRHT) that the Mazda MX-5 Spyder is a re-imagination of the roadster and characteristics a capturing, single-panel grenadine-red soft-top created by Haartz Organization. Its design, a collaborative attempt between MNAO Design and Magna Car Top Techniques, provides an even reduced thrown position of the MX-5 without compromising headroom. Fixed onto the roadster's already luxurious and attractive "look at me" body design, the Mazda MX-5 Spyder has been coloured Stratosphere Light and characteristics a Yokohama rubber-and-rims set of AO48 225/45R17 efficiency tires coordinated up with 17-inch, 10-spoke ADVAN RS tires in Gun Steel Metal. But as the proverb goes, there is more than satisfies the eye.

2011 Mazda MX-5 Spyder Concept

Under the cover is where the car outside cure suits senses with an internal technique. Operated by Mazda's ever-dependable MZR 2.0-liter website, the Mazda MX-5 Spyder is motivated by BP's isobutanol. The significance? The biofuel can handle Mazda's concept of "Sustainable Zoom-Zoom," which indicates designing interesting, fun-to-drive automobiles that make little environment effect. Proof of this viewpoint is the Mazda/Dyson Rushing admittance in the National Le Guys Sequence. The #16 LMP1Lola car characteristics a turbocharged MZR-R 2.0-liter four-cylinder website, works on isobutanol and defeat competitive larger-block V-12s to win the maker, group and individuals tournament for this year's racing period. Mazda also was given the Michelin® Natural X® Obstacle at the Baltimore Lavish Corrt, a variation granted to classification vehicles that confirm to be the "cleanest, most effective, most efficient" in the competition.

2011 Mazda MX-5 Spyder Concept

Although similar to how ethanol is produced from farming feedstock, isobutanol does not bargain vehicle performance for the benefit of gas mileage and can be added to the current petrol submission features without necessitating variations in mixing features, storage tanks and store place pushes. Isobutanol's interface with current technology and infrastructures is a significant step toward conference the demand in sustainable energy sources for transport.

2011 Mazda MX-5 Spyder Concept

Another fuel-saving, engine-efficient feature of the Mazda MX-5 Spyder is a light and portable lithium-ion rushing power supply made by Braille Battery. The lead-free innovative power supply system is RoHS certified and designed of non-hazardous materials, has a high charge storage and offers a longer life-cycle than similar standard battery power. A Racing Defeat headlines, intake and fatigue muffler as well as a MazdaSpeed coils over kit and Brembo braking system complete the car techniques.

2011 Mazda MX-5 Spyder Concept

The cottage area is highlighted by tan Seat black-leather seating with Water set accessories and Fossil fuel Ash suede places. Simple Examine Cotton Greyish Metallic-colored decrease pieces on the entrance doors and splash sections beautifully enhance the mostly dark-colored internal, which is finished off with personalized floor rugs by Celebrity Western. A MazdaSpeed short-throw shifter contributes a delicious memory to the MX-5's motor racing reputation.

Kamis, 16 Februari 2012

2012 Jeep Grand Cherokee Concept

The Jeep® manufacturer has presented a new, production-intent idea edition of its award-winning Lavish Cherokee, a exclusive style with unique yet stealthy outside hints designed to appeal to new Vehicle Lavish Cherokee fans and clients.

2012 Jeep Grand Cherokee Concept

Showing the vehicle widely for the first time at the 2012 Austin Automatic Display, Vehicle also declared that it has designed an on the internet competition for clients to name the new production-intent Vehicle Lavish Cherokee idea. The person who selects the succeeding name will have an opportunity to win a new 2012 Vehicle Lavish Cherokee.

2012 Jeep Grand Cherokee Concept

"Highlighted by a exclusive platinum-chrome front-end overall look and unique black-gloss 20-inch tires and outside therapies, our new Vehicle Lavish Cherokee idea provides a completely new look - one that is edgy and extreme, and certainly different than any Lavish Cherokee on the street today," said Robert Jackson, Chief executive and CEO - Vehicle Company, Chrysler Team LLC. "Jeep fans have always valued limited-edition designs and the ability to personalize their automobiles. This new Lavish Cherokee comes with a exclusive, 'factory-customized' turn invisible overall look immediately from Vehicle, and is certain to appeal to interest from an range of clients.

2012 Jeep Grand Cherokee Concept

"We plan to produce reviews from clients at the Austin Automatic Display, and via our on the internet Vehicle 'Name My Ride' competition," Jackson included. "If the level of pleasure is what we predict, this new Lavish Cherokee will be in Vehicle showrooms may 2012."

In the U.S., Vehicle Lavish Cherokee revenue improved 51 % this year vs. 2010. In Arizona, revenue improved 226 %. The Vehicle Lavish Cherokee was known as "SUV of Texas" the past two years by the Arizona Automatic Authors Connections.

2012 Jeep Grand Cherokee Concept

Vehicle Lavish Cherokee Production-intent Concept

With the Laredo X bundle as its beginning, the new production-intent idea Vehicle Lavish Cherokee includes a variety of outside design changes to create a exclusive style with an extreme, firefox and "blacked-out" look.

2012 Jeep Grand Cherokee Concept

The car grill encompass appears in Dark-colored, and capable grill surface in Jewelry Internet explorer. A Jewelry Internet explorer lower structures applique´ does the exclusive front-end appearance. Dark-colored headlamp bezels and a Dark-colored liftgate light-bar continues the "blacked-out" theme throughout the car outside.

The production-intent idea drives on 20-inch tires that encompass one-of-a-kind Black-gloss aluminum wheels for Vehicle.

2012 Jeep Grand Cherokee Concept

Based on the Vehicle Lavish Cherokee Laredo X bundle, the production-intent idea style includes standard leather-trimmed seating, warmed front side seating, leather-wrapped rim and shifter, a 9-speaker 506 w amp stereo audio with bass speaker, iPod/MP3 connection, Parkview™ back back-up camera, ParkSense® rear-park assist program, Keyless Enter-N-Go, Chrysler Team's Uconnect hands-free marketing marketing and sales communications program, and more than 50 advanced safety measures.

Rabu, 15 Februari 2012

2010 Lotus Evora Carbon Concept Review

2010 Lotus Evora Carbon Concept

The Lotus Evora As well as Idea car emphasises Lotus' motorsport reputation, by way of beautiful top quality components with exposed graphite and luxurious alcantara. The stunning white concept car is completed in an advanced water pearlesent colour that differences with the wonderfully completed place on the graphite sections.

2010 Lotus Evora Carbon Concept

2010 Lotus Evora Carbon Concept

The head turning looks of the Lotus Evora As well as Idea car offer a more filled with meaning, selected and planted position with the car looking lower and more extreme. This design direction is ongoing with a architectural graphite ceiling, Lotus Motorsport affected carbon diffuser / extractor and carbon splitter. The Lotus Evora As well as Idea car maintains the same class leading managing and modern day aluminum insured and extruded framework of the production car.

2010 Lotus Evora Carbon Concept

The modern internal of the Lotus Evora As well as Idea car includes the lustre of the carbon sections with punctured set and he alcantara. The unique internal uses swathes of magnificent greyish alcantara to cover the footwell, dash panel and ceiling. The soft surface of the set and alcantara are juxtaposed with the hard materials of the graphite to offer a rewarding physical experience.

2010 Lotus Evora Carbon Concept

The Lotus Evora As well as Idea car has diamond cut made 19" aluminum tires front side and back, shod with Pirelli P-Zero Corsa car tyres (235/35 large front side and 285/30 large rear). The tires and car tyres give the Lotus Evora real presence filling the rim archways and giving the car a filled with meaning appearance.

2010 Lotus Evora Carbon Concept

Donato Coco, Movie director of Lotus Style mentioned, "The kind of the Lotus Evora As well as Idea car features unique, modern day components that offer a good form teams with the Lotus brand image, showing our motorsport history and history of fashionable sports vehicles for which Lotus are well known."

2012 Ferrari 458 Italia Grand Am Review

2012 Ferrari 458 Italia Grand Am

After creating its monitor very first at house in Fiorano, the Mercedes 458 Croatia Lavish Am will be again inside on 26 and 27 September, 2011 for a personal analyze time at Florida's Daytona Worldwide Speedway. Getting changes at the rim will be the tried and examined duo of Jaime Melo and Toni Vilander who can satisfaction themselves of having an comprehensive record of benefits to their name in Ferraris. They will proceed progression perform on the Mercedes 458 Croatia Lavish Am in planning for its engagement in the 2012 National title.

2012 Ferrari 458 Italia Grand Am

2012 Ferrari 458 Italia Grand Am

The Mercedes 458 Lavish Am is designed to go with the National legislation and is therefore different to the Western car, especially in that it produces 500 power and has less powerful the rules of aerodynamics than the GT edition. It is also fixed with a 48 mm restrictor and highest possible revs are 8000. Considerable variations have been created to the stopping mechanism, as the car has neither ABS nor extender management. Other variations to the GT3 involve the roll-over bar which gives higher side security to improve protection in a sequence in which mishaps are rather more consistent. The car is fixed with car tyres from Ls, the single provider to the sequence, presenting a very challenging substance, again to adjust with the sequence legislation. On its shakedown these days, it accomplished many trouble-free temps, 45 to be accurate in the arms and fingers of Maurizio Mediani and Jaime Melo, as they took changes at the rim.

2012 Ferrari 458 Italia Grand Am

Daytona products product recalls many remembrances of past Bmw benefits in the well-known 24 Time rivalry, the company having near links with this important incident. Actually, Bmw has taken factor in 47 of these endurance activities, thriving five of them overall as well as getting 15 classification benefits.

2012 Ferrari 458 Italia Grand Am



Standing out in that history was an amazing obvious clean of the level in 1967 for the two Bmw 330 P4 and a 412 N.A.R.T., while again in 1962, Phil Hill and Ricardo Rodriguez won in a Dino 246 SP. That period, no less than four Ferraris accomplished in the top ten while in 1972, Mario Andretti and Jacky Ickx won in a 312 PB.

Senin, 13 Februari 2012

2011 Porsche 918 RSR Concept

Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Mercedes AG, Stuttgart, is ongoing to give its performance and higher quality experience via intense development work in the field of multiple technological innovation. With the Mercedes 918 RSR, the maker of fantastic top quality automobiles is introducing a high-end functionality of 2010's successful multiple ideas. The two-seater mid-engine coupé 918 RSR clearly shows what happens when the technological innovation fixed in the 911 GT3 R multiple and the design of the 918 Spyder are transmitted to a modern, modern super activities car.

2011 Porsche 918 RSR Concept

With its highly-efficient flywheel accumulator, the 911 GT3 R multiple rushing car become an attention magnetic field during competition rushing on the Nürburgring Nordschleife routine, during the American Le Guys Sequence events (ALMS) in Road Atlanta/USA and the ILMC run in China's Zhuhai. It confirmed its massive performance potential under genuine powerplant rushing conditions against top competition. The 911 GT3 R Hybrid, referred to internal as the "Race Lab" actually surpass the higher objectives of Mercedes Motorsport. Competition, higher stability and excellent petrol performance in addition to top performance underscored the Mercedes technicians' essence of making extra energy in an brilliant manner. The 911 GT3 R Hybrid gets its extra energy from its own vehicle characteristics when stopping. Mercedes is now re-planting this technological innovation into the mid-engine coupé Mercedes 918 RSR, the powerplant activities edition of the 918 Spyder idea car.

2011 Porsche 918 RSR Concept

From the custom established by traditional Mercedes long-distance vehicles such as the 908 long-tale coupé (1969) and the 917 short-tail coupé (1971), the Mercedes developers designed a link to the postmodernism of the "form follows function" viewpoint. In the Mercedes 918 RSR, the lines' stylish circulation is covered with muscle rim archways, energetic air consumption and a pulpit-like seat. A noticeable fan rim between the ram air consumption pipes and a back spoiler with RS Spyder measurements in addition stress the rushing research laboratory operate. The new "liquid steel internet explorer blue" color which has been designed emphasizes the created shapes of the varieties, while the common Mercedes multiple fruit color on stopping system calipers and your longitudinal lines gives amazing variations.

Motor rushing technology also rules within the particularly light, torsionally firm as well as fibre-reinforced plastic (CFRP) monocoque. The V8 website is a further progression of the direct shot website from the successful RS Spyder competition car and now offers an result of accurately 563 hp at 10,300/rpm in the 918 RSR. The electrical engines on the two front side tires each lead 75 kW, i.e. a total of 150 kW, to the high drive energy of exactly 767 hp. This additional energy, which is produced during stopping, is saved in an optimized flywheel accumulator.

2011 Porsche 918 RSR Concept

In the Mercedes 918 RSR, the two electrical engines offer a twisting vectoring operate with diverse twisting submission to the top side axle. This in addition increases speed and increases guiding reaction. Attached upstream of the back axle, the mid-engine is incorporated with a rushing indication also based on the RS Spyder competition car. This further developed six-speed constant-mesh indication with longitudinally mounted golf club shafts and straight-toothed inspire equipment is controlled using two switch paddles behind the rushing rim.

2011 Porsche 918 RSR Concept

The car sensible equipment emphasizes its puristic powerplant rushing personality. Whether it be the feature gates which open obliquely up-wards, the air intake in the ceiling between the side gates, the quick-action hair on the top side and back CFRP covers, the two roof-mounted aerials for pit radio and telemetry, the RS Spyder-like small, side front side flics or the air splitters within the top side lip or no-profile rushing slicks on 19" tires with central securing, the vehicle can be clearly acknowledged as an fresh rushing research laboratory.

In comparison to the 918 Spyder idea car, unadorned rushing environment predominates in the internal of the Mercedes 918 RSR. The figure-hugging container seat's darkish set masking points out the history of the man driver; the tools sensations on the rushing rim and a recovery present on the guiding pillar before side of the screen provide the head with information. Instead of the innovative, comfort and ease avant-garde center system with touch-sensitive program from the 918 Spyder idea car, the 918 RSR's chair is divided by a simple system with musician changes. Instead of a second chair, the flywheel accumulator is located to the right of the system.

2011 Porsche 918 RSR Concept

This flywheel accumulator is an powerplant unit whose blades moves at up to 36,000 rpm to store revolving power. Getting happens when the two electrical engines on the top side axle reverse their function during stopping procedures and work as generation devices. At the force of a button, the head is able to call up the power saved in the energized flywheel accumulator and use it during speed or taking on manoeuvres. The flywheel is braked electromagnetically in this case in order to additionally provide up to 2 x 75 kW, i.e. a total of 150 kW, from its kinetic power to the two electrical engines on the top side axle.

This extra energy is available for around eight mere a few moments when the system has been fully energized. In the effective 911 GT3 R Multiple, this extra energy can also be used as a intake aid with regards to the rushing situation, e.g. to wait pit prevents or reduce the gas container amount and therefore the weight of the vehicle.

With the new Mercedes 918 RSR rushing research laboratory, Mercedes is now increasing this motor rushing hybrid idea to an fresh level. In the 918 RSR, "Porsche Brilliant Performance" means research into methods for further maintainable efficiency enhancement under the intense circumstances of the competition track, lap times, pit prevents and stability - a metier in which Mercedes has been indicating its success for over 60 decades.

2011 Porsche 918 RSR Concept

Finally, the starting number, 22, will pay honor to the anniversary of a further succeed. A while ago when overall advantages in Le Guys were not yet an entirely schedule matter within the Mercedes rushing office, the aviators Dr. Helmut Marko and Gijs van Lennep were the first to corner the completing line in 1971's 24-hour traditional. The range record set by their Mercedes 917 short-tail coupé - 5335.313 kilometer (3315.21 miles) at a typical speed of 222.304 km/h (138.13 mph) - did not stay unbeaten for forever, but for exactly 39 decades until 2010. At time, the 917 in the Martini colors was also an research and far prior to its time: a the mineral mineral magnesium space shape set new expectations in Porsche's light and portable development website.

2012 Porsche 911 GT3 RSR

2012 Porsche 911 GT3 RSR

The new Mercedes 911 GT3 RSR is ready to competition. The top style of Mercedes Motorsport's client rushing automobiles will head into the 2012 period with comprehensive variations. Particularly stunning at first look are the changes to the body: the size of the new 911 GT3 RSR is continuing to grow by 48 millimetres. Designed to comply with the A.C.O. "LM" GTE legislation, the 911 symbolizes the glorious epitome of a range of effective client game vehicles that are based on the 997 type 911 GT3 RS road activities car.

2012 Porsche 911 GT3 RSR

Powering the new Mercedes 911 GT3 RSR is a particularly powerful six-cylinder fighter website with a four-litre potential. With a compulsory air-restrictor, it produces 460 hp (338 kW) and pushes the 310 millimetre large back tires. The size of the top side tires has improved by 30 mm to now evaluate 680 millimetres. The Mercedes constant six-speed gear box is controlled via exercise changes on the rim.

2012 Porsche 911 GT3 RSR

The nasal area and back sections are designed to the flared front side and back rim archways, as are the entrance sill and the rim posture treatments. The sleek idea is associated by a new ducting of the consumption air. Spaces in the back side areas, as known from the turbocompresseur versions of the Mercedes 911, change the air information on the website cover, which is very just like the 911 GT2 RS road activities car.

2012 Porsche 911 GT3 RSR

The new 911 GT3 RSR can be ran at the Le Guys 24 Hours, the FIA Community Stamina Title, the Le Guys Sequence, the American Le Guys Sequence as well as the Worldwide GT Open and in other series and events.

"Our client groups can expect a technologically older, powerful competition car with which they will be highly reasonably competitive at international international calls events," guarantees Hartmut Kristen, Head of Mercedes Motorsport. "Our test program on various international competition monitors is currently running at full speed. We are happy with the car efficiency and driveability."

2012 Porsche 911 GT3 RSR

The new Mercedes 911 GT3 RSR will be sent to client groups all over the globe from Jan 2012. The rate is 498,000 Dollar plus value added tax of the specific nations around the world.